Compartment Syndrome

Compartment Syndrome

Compartment syndrome is a painful and potentially serious condition caused by a build-up of pressure within the tissues of the foot. This pressure can result in restricted blood flow and potential damage to the nerves, muscles, and blood vessels.

There are two types of compartment syndrome:

• Acute Compartment Syndrome: Typically triggered by injury or trauma, such as a fracture or severe contusion. This form of the condition is a medical emergency requiring immediate surgery to relieve the pressure and prevent permanent tissue damage.
• Exertional (Chronic) Compartment Syndrome: Usually develops over time due to repetitive exercise such as running, cycling, or swimming. It is more common in seasoned athletes and is not considered a medical emergency.

Symptoms may include aching, burning, tightness, or cramping in the affected foot. These symptoms typically begin during exercise and subside with rest. Due to symptom overlap, exertional compartment syndrome is sometimes confused with shin splints.

Prompt evaluation by a foot and ankle specialist is important for both forms of the condition to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.